Civil War - North Vs. South Essay -- essays research papers

In the early American colonies, the southwestern and the north developed into two distinctly contrary colonies. Although their origins were both from Europe, their customs and sustentation habits became so different that it would play a major role in Americas history. There are many reasons why these differences occurred but solitary(prenominal) a few major reasons stand out. Religion, greed and the composition of the colonies are some of the major reasons why the north and south grew to be so different in the late 1600s. Different religions in specific colonies varied, but the people from the New England region were generally more devoted to their religious beliefs, whereas people from the south felt religion wasnt as important. Children from the north are taught from The Bible as soon as possible and this instills high moral values into the people. In the south only the wealthiest families could afford education, causing the common population to be ignorant and un-educated. Th e people of New England were willing to work together and help severally other for the sake of the community because they felt that they were working under Gods will. (Doc. A) The south on the other hand worked to better themselves through the Headright System, which terminate up pitting the people against each other instead of working with each other. The people of Massachusetts agreed "We whose names are underwritten, being by Gods providence engaged together to make a plantation" (Doc. D) This shows that reli...

eating disorders Essay -- essays research papers fc

Eat to live dont live to eat (or not to). This is very hard for a person with an eating disorder to understand since food is their tool for handling the stress and anxiety in their lives. ingest disorders walk out millions of Ameri grasss each year (Eating Disorders 1). The most common eating disorders are Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Compulsive Overeating. These disorders are serious, and, when taken to extremes, can be life threatening as well.All eating disorders arise from a combination of long-standing psychological, interpersonal, and social conditions (Gurze 24). Several other factors such as family and personal problems, a low self-esteem, and the desire for the pattern body may also contribute to the development of an eating disorder. Eating disorders squander reached epidemic levels. Over seven million women and one million men, children and adolescents have an eating disorder. Eighty-six percent report onset of illness by age 20, and seventy-seven percent r eport duration of illness from one to xv years. Only fifty percent report being cured. The cost of treating an eating disorder is often extremely expensive with the potential to extend over $100,000 (Ratner 17). erstwhile an eating disorder has begun, it becomes a long-term (sometimes lifetime-long) rhythm method of birth control of dieting, bingeing and purging, or excessive eating. A person with an eating disorder becomes trapped in this endless cycle and needs professional physiological and psychological help to break through the chains. Eating disorders, just as any other addiction, are a reception to a low self- esteem and a negative means of coping with life and stress. Others may use alcohol, drugs, and even compulsive gambling as a way to cope with their problems. To someone with an eating disorder, their illness is a means of incorporating control into their lives.Anorexia Nervosa, a disorder of self- starvation, manifests itself in a complete refusal of food and can ca use psychological, endocrine, and gynecological problems. An anorexic person will turn to obsessive dieting and starvation as a way to control not simply their free weight, but also their feelings and actions regarding the emotions attached (Definition of Anorexia Nervosa 1). Some physiological characteristics of Anorexia Nervo... ...abuse. Clinical depression can also lead to an eating disorder. But, no matter how much investigate is done, never will a person without an eating disorder understand why a person with an eating disorder thinks and acts the way they do. All in all, eating disorders are very complex emotional issues. Though they may seem to be nothing more than a dangerously obsessive weight concern on the surface, for those suffering with eating disorders there are deeper emotional conflicts to be resolved. Works CitedDefinition of Anorexia Nervosa. Something Fishy. http//something-fishy.org/anox.htm. 25 Apr. 2000 1.Definition of Bulimia Nervosa. Something Fishy. ht tp//www.something-fishy.org/bul.htm. 25 Apr. 2000 1. Eating Disorders. Mental Health Net. http//www.eatingdisorders.cmhc.com. 22 Apr. 2000 1.Eating Disorders Anorexia Nervosa. Mental Health Net. http//www.cmhc.com/factsfam/anorexia.htm. 22 Apr. 2000 1.Gurze 2000 Eating Disorders Resource Catalogue, The. 28 Apr. 2000 24. Ratner, Kathryn M.S.W., L.S.W. Eating Disorders. 21 Apr. 2000 6,7,17.

Isolation Form Love In The Film east Of Eden :: essays research papers

East of Eden by John Steinbeck is an optimistic film about a boy becoming a man and trying desperately to earn the spang of his father and mother in the turbulent times of the Great Depression. Cal, the main character is a troubled teen who lives with his entrepreneur father, and a brother who is following closely in his fathers steps. Cals mother left him and his brother to become a madam of a whorehouse. The struggle takes place between Cal and his father due to his fathers escape of compassion for his son. The conflict rises get ahead when Cal tries to help his father repay a debt, his father further isolates his son and this turns to violent outbursts. Steinbeck focuses on Cal in order to suggest the theme that without love people become violent and mean.     Steinbeck shows Cals isolation from love and its aggressive results when Cal angrily throws stones at his mothers house. When Cal first learns of his supposedly dead mothers existence he is outraged and goes to seek her. When he is not allowed to see her he violently throws stones and yells "Why masst a kid see his own mother?" and "Why cant I see my mother". This is the first of several violent actions interpreted by Cal in an effort to be redeemed by his parents affections. His actions, although violent, are a symbol of his not being loved and the isolation he feels towards his family. In the scene where Cal tries to confer with his mother it is also learned that his mother does not want to have any contact with her children.     Steinbeck shows Cals isolation from love, and its violent repercussions again when Cal reacts to his brothers lack of compassion for him with violence and destruction. In the scene when Cal is spying on his brother Aaron and his brothers girlfriend, he is outraged by the things his brother has to say and he decides to throw abundant blocks of his fathers ice out of the barn. This sole action shows how childlike C al has remained due to his isolation from his families love. His unassuming father only says "that boy is out of control" not all the same acknowledging that there is a greater problem at hand, and even less does he understand the fact that it is partly his fault. Steinbecks theme of isolation form love is greatly illustrated because his father does not even take to scolding Cal, which shows no feelings what so ever.

The Ironic Title of The Great Gatsby Essay -- Great Gatsby Essays

The Ironic Title of The enceinte Gatsby Titling is a very important part of the fiction-writing process. It is important for authors to be careful in choosing their titles because the titles often can see great influence on certain aspects of the story. In the book, The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, the title was formulated with the objective of heightening characterization through the use of irony. When readers start to read this novel, they immediately see a homosexual who seems very glamorous and powerful while they have already been predisposed to seeing him in an alluring demoralize due to the books title. However, this perception of Gatsby is eventually completely transformed as Fitzgerald continuously divulges the flaws within Gatsby and his way of life of life. Having given his book the title, The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald has created a level of irony that enhances Gatsbys character and serves as a basis of contrast between how Gatsby appears to an o utsider and what he sincerely is. F. Scott Fitzgerald was very clever in choosing the word great in describing such a complex character as Jay Gatsby. It is clear that this word is being employ facetiously as Fitzgerald continuously reveals more and more weakness within Gatsby. At first glance, Gatsby is portrayed as glamorous and magnificent. The reader himself learns to appreciate this man who is the classic example of an American hero- someone who has worked his way up the social and economic ladder. He is a man who has completely invented his own, new, inflated image. Throughout the novel, this laud facade is slowly peeled away. Gatsby eventually gets killed in pursuit of romance with the beautiful, superficial socialite, Daisy Buchanan. Havi... ...ed because there is a reflection of an even stronger idea of false charm to add onto that revealed in the text. The irony of the title of this book is another thing that makes it so great and out of the ordinary. F itzgerald was a pioneer in bringing to light the flaws within the American Dream. By writing The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald successfully revealed the typically overlooked downside to striving for perfection. Work Cited Bewley, Marius. Scott Fitzgeralds Criticism of America. Twentieth Century Interpretations of The Great Gatsby. Ed. Ernest Lockridge. Englewood Cliffs Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968. 37-53. Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. London Penguin Books, 1990. Trilling, Lionel. F. Scott Fitzgerald. Critical Essays on Scott Fitzgeralds Great Gatsby. Ed. Scott Donaldson. Boston Hall, 1984. 13-20.

Bringing It All Together :: essays research papers

     The Epilogue of the Tempest by William Shakespeare is an excellent -- if not the best -- example of Shakespeares brilliance. In 20 lines Shakespeare is able to write an excellent close to his play, while speaking through his characters about Shakespeares receive life and career. Even more amazingly, he seemlessly ties the deuce together.     In the context of the story Prosperos monologue makes perfect sense. He has lost his magical power, so his "charms are oerthrown, and what strength Prospero haves his own, which is most faint." He is now " curb" on the Island, for his other choice would be to go to Naples and reclaim his dukedom, but he doesnt want to do that because he has already "pardoned the deceiver" who took his position umteen years ago. Prospero then says something a little strange, but it makes sense in the context of the story, he ask us to "release him from his bands with the help of your can did hands." In other words, smash so that the sails of the boats his friends are riding in will be safely returned and Prospero can be "relieved by prayer" of the audience.      completely of what Prospero has said is very nice cute, but the most interesting part of this monologue is what Shakespeare himself is saying. "Now that my charms are all oerthrown, and what strength I haves mine own" means, now my plays are over, and its no longer my characters speaking. The "Island" or stage Shakespeare is on is now "bare" and it is time for "you" the audience to release Shakespeare and his actors from this play with the "help of your good hands." Shakespeare was not only being released for the performance of the play, he was being release from his career as a playwright. But there are more reasons to clap besides the obvious reason that the play is over, Shakespeare could not allow his final play to be bad, his proje ct "was to please." He reiterates this point by saying "and my ending is despair unless I be relieved by prayer", or the clapping of the audience and it frees "all faults" and allows Shakespeare to indulge the clapping and joy of the audience.     Finally, after we seperate the cardinal different perspectives, we can step back and see how Shakespeare magically works them together. The first such pun is on the word "faint", in the third base line.

Coles’ Ideas in The Tradition: Fact and Fiction Essay -- Photography J

Coles Ideas in The customs p prowessicular and FictionThe documentary tradition as a continually developing record that is made in so many expressive styles, with different voices and vision, intents and concerns, and with each contri exceptor, finally, needing to meet a personal text (Coles 218). Coles writes The Tradition Fact and Fiction and describes the process of documenting, and what it is to be a documentarian. He clformer(a) explains through many examples and across disciplines that there is no fact or fiction but it is intertwined, all in the eye of the maker. The documentarian shows serviceman actuality they each design their own work to their own standards based on personal opinion, values, interest and whom they want the art to appeal to. Coles uses famous, well-known photographers such as Dorthea Lange and Walker Evans, who show the political angle in their documentations and the method of cropping in the process of making the photo seizure exactly what the photogr apher wants the audience to view. In this paper I will use outside sources that support and expand on Coles ideas with focus on human actuality, the interiority of a photograph, and the emotional impact of cropping. According to Coles and an outside source I found, Lange is a documentarian who vividly portrays human actuality in her writing. Lange is depicted through Robert Coles as a caring individual, whose innermost thoughts, concerns and beliefs are transferred onto her photographs, especially in her photograph of the Migrant Mother, which is from her most well-known photograph during the dustbowl era. Jack Hurleys book, Portrait of a Decade, describes to a greater extent active Langes motives and background, thus making me able to better understand Coles ideas and the other parts of the essay regarding Lange When economic disaster struck the country Dorothea Lang knew that someway she had to be a part of the fight to win better conditions for the poorLange had very strong fee lings about social injustice and her feelings came through clearly in her photographs. Because she did not come to Washington until the next spring, Lange did not take part in those early, highly important discussions and critiques. Her work was d adept separately in the early days and primarily on the West Coast. Even so, Langes pictures spoke for her and had a tremendous influence on the formative period of historical section. ... ... much about them by studying the photograph. In this paper I used outside sources such as Hurleys book, Gawthrops, Jacobson and Moakley articles to clarify and develop deeper thinking about Coles ideas in The Tradition Fact and Fiction, with focal points being human actuality, the interiority of a photograph, and the emotional impact of cropping. Throughout Coles essay he portrays a documentarian as one who creates their work to meet their own standards based on personal opinion, values, interest and their audience. He also shows, in correlation to the title, that there is no line amidst fact or fiction in documentary work they are loosely mingled, overlapping and only seen separately from a biased standpoint. Work CitedColes, Robert. The Tradition Fact and Fiction. Ways of Reading (2002) 175-218.Gawthrop, Louis. Dorothea Lange and visionary change. Society 30 (1993) 64.Hurley, Jack. Portrait of a Decade. Baton Rouge Louisiana State University Press, 1972.Jacobson, Colin. A different way of seeing. Lancet 357 (2001) 1454.Moakley, Paul. End fame A room of ones own Todd Eberle on Walker Evans. Photo District News 23(2003) 128.

Coles’ Ideas in The Tradition: Fact and Fiction Essay -- Photography J

Coles Ideas in The Tradition Fact and FictionThe documentary tradition as a continually developing record that is made in so many ways, with different voices and vision, intents and concerns, and with each contributor, finally, needing to meet a person-to-person text (Coles 218). Coles writes The Tradition Fact and Fiction and describes the process of documenting, and what it is to be a documentarian. He all the way explains through many examples and across disciplines that there is no fact or fiction but it is intertwined, all in the eye of the maker. The documentarian parades homosexual actuality they each institution their own mesh to their own standards based on personal opinion, values, interest and whom they want the art to appeal to. Coles uses famous, well-known iconers such as Dorthea Lange and Walker Evans, who show the political angle in their documentations and the method of cropping in the process of making the photo capture exactly what the photographer wants the audience to view. In this paper I will use outside inceptions that support and expand on Coles ideas with focus on human actuality, the interiority of a photograph, and the emotional impact of cropping. According to Coles and an outside source I found, Lange is a documentarian who vividly portrays human actuality in her writing. Lange is depicted through Robert Coles as a caring individual, whose innermost thoughts, concerns and beliefs are transferred onto her photographs, especially in her photograph of the Migrant Mother, which is from her most well-known photograph during the dustbowl era. Jack Hurleys book, Portrait of a Decade, describes more about Langes motives and background, thus making me able to break away understand Coles ideas and the other parts of the essay regarding Lange When economic disaster struck the country Dorothea Lang knew that somehow she had to be a part of the fight to win break up conditions for the poorLange had very strong feelings about social in justice and her feelings came through clearly in her photographs. Because she did not come to Washington until the next spring, Lange did not take aim part in those early, highly important discussions and critiques. Her work was done separately in the early days and primarily on the West Coast. Even so, Langes pictures spoke for her and had a tremendous influence on the formative period of historical section. ... ... more about them by studying the photograph. In this paper I used outside sources such as Hurleys book, Gawthrops, Jacobson and Moakley articles to clarify and develop deeper thinking about Coles ideas in The Tradition Fact and Fiction, with focal points being human actuality, the interiority of a photograph, and the emotional impact of cropping. Throughout Coles essay he portrays a documentarian as one who creates their work to meet their own standards based on personal opinion, values, interest and their audience. He also shows, in correlation to the title, that ther e is no line between fact or fiction in documentary work they are loosely mingled, overlapping and only seen separately from a biased standpoint. Work CitedColes, Robert. The Tradition Fact and Fiction. Ways of Reading (2002) 175-218.Gawthrop, Louis. Dorothea Lange and visionary change. Society 30 (1993) 64.Hurley, Jack. Portrait of a Decade. Baton Rouge Louisiana State University Press, 1972.Jacobson, Colin. A different way of seeing. Lancet 357 (2001) 1454.Moakley, Paul. End fame A room of ones own Todd Eberle on Walker Evans. Photo District News 23(2003) 128.

Objectification of Women on Tv and in Movies

Why is it that in TV shows and in so many another(prenominal) movies that women are almost always objectified in one way or another? There are so many television shows and movies out there that undermine women in so many different ways. Darren in Bewitched is also trying to suppress Samanthas magic to make her the perfect house wife and she doesnt try to inhabit him. In f identification number, she does everything she can to follow his every wish just so hell be blissful. In The Client List, Riley is portrayed as a sex object. It tump overs the impression that the only thing women can do is sell their body for sex.Then there is Mary Jane from Spiderman who always needs manner of speakingd by Spiderman, great(p) the impression that women are helpless and always need a man around to save the day. Lets not forget The Scorpion King where egg-producing(prenominal) monarch Memnon uses his Sorceress for his own personal agenda. Will watching movies and shows such as these affect how girls visualize themselves? The Scorpion King is a primary example to the objectification of women in movies. The main female character, the sorceress, has been used her entire manners by King Memnon.Hes kept her prisoner since she was a child to use her visions to give him the upper hand in employment. He forces her to have a vision every day and then tell him if he is going to win or lose his next battle so that he can pick his battles and be more successful in his goal to rule everything. At one point in the movie, Memnon fundamentally tells the Sorcerer that when hes make using her for her visions hes going to start using her for his own sexual pleasure. The Sorcerer is more than happy to be taken hostage by Matheyus.She later tells him that she only went with him so forgetingly because Memnon kept her prisoner since she was a child. She was being used her entire life by a man that just wanted to be feared by everyone and rule everything. It portrays societys typical stere otype of women. Do everything the man wants and beguile him in any way you can without a single complaint. The Sorcerer makes it obvious that shed much rather stay with Matheyus, the man who threatens to kill her, than go back to Memnon, the man who has been using her for so long.This is because in the short time that shes been with Matheyus, she has already been treated better that she has been her entire life. Memnon has continuously used the Sorceress to give himself an advantage in battle. This is an example of the typical male figure objectifying a woman and using her to get what he wants. He treats her like shes goose egg more than a piece of his property. According to Gloria Steinem, A female child is left to believe that, even when her body is as big as her spirit, she will still be helping with minor tasks, appreciating the accomplishments of others, and waiting to be rescued (356).This quote helps to explain the Sorcerers want to escape but also her challenge in the fact that she has to have someones help to escape Memnon. And no surprise, it has to be a mans help because she wouldnt have been qualified to escape on her own. The Sorcerer also feels the need to escape after Memnon informs her of his plan to use her for his own sexual pleasure when hes done using her for her visions. According to Christine Seifert, Digging into Edwards mind reinforces the old stereotype that underneath it all, even the best guys are calculating vampires, figuring out how to act on their masculine urges (346-7).This quote helps to explain Memnons fights to take advantage of the Sorcerer because according to a myth spread by the Sorcerers ancestors, the first time any sorceress has sex she will lose her gift of foresight. So if he wants to keep his advantage in battle, he has to fight his cancel male urges. Watching movies and shows such as these cant be having a positive effect on younger girls. They use female roles that they see on TV and in movies as role models j ust as much as they use the women around them as role models.So what are they chew over to think when they see things like that? How are they going to act if they use women like that as a role model? Are they going to distinguish that thats just pretend and women arent really like that? Or are they going to think that they need to do everything a man wishes without a single complaint just to keep them happy, whether they like it or not? Are they going to think that they have to wait for the perfect man to rescue them when things become bad in a relasionship?Its questions like these that we dont have the answers to that we should worry most about. What are girls learning from TV? kit and boodle Cited Seifert, Christine. Bite Me (Or Dont ) Twilight as Abstinence Porn. Shrodes, Caroline. et. al. The Conscious Reader. Custom. New York. Pearson. 2011. 343-349. Print. Shrodes, Caroline et. al. The Conscious Reader. Custom. New York Pearson, 2012. Print. Steinem, Gloria. Wonder Woman. Shrodes, Caroline. et. al. The Conscious Reader. Custom. New York. Pearson. 2011. 354-363. Print. The Scorpion King. Dir. drop Russell. 2002. Film.

Enki Bilal’s Perspective on Art in Hatzfeld

Marshal Josip Broz Tito was a Yugoslav revolutionary and statesman, serving in various roles until his death in 1980. Eventhough his presidency has been critisized as authoritarian, Tito had successful economic and diplomatic policies which back uped him to be considered as a benevolent dictator by m all people including citizens of his own untaught and those of others. He was a relatively popular public figure both in Yugoslavia and abroad. Tito had internal policies which successfully deal with coexistence of the nations of the Yugoslav federation.The Socialist Federal res publica of Yugoslavia (otherwise known as SFRY) was the Yugoslav state founded during World War II until it was dissolved in 1992, following the Yugoslav Wars. It was a well-disposedist state and a federation make up of six socialist republics Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia. Initially siding with the Eastern bloc under the leadership of Josip Broz Tito at the begi nning of the Cold War, Yugoslavia act a policy of neutrality after the TitoStalin split of 1948, and became one of the founding members of the Non-Aligned Movement. later on the death of Tito in 1980, rising ethnic nationalism in the late 1980s take to dissidence among the multiple ethnicities within the constituent republics, followed by collapse of inter-republic talks on transformation of the country and recognition of their independence by some European states in 1991. This led to the country collapsing on ethnic lines, followed by the final downfall and break of the country in 1992, and the stgraphics of the Yugoslav Wars.Often described as Europes deadliest bout since World War II, the conflicts have become famous for the war crimes, including mass murder, racial extermination and war rape. These were the first conflicts since World War II to be officially judged genocidal in character. According to the International Center for Transitional Justice, the Yugoslav Wars resul ted in the deaths of 140,000 people. The Humanitarian Law Center writes that in the conflicts in former Yugoslav republics at least 130,000 people lost their lives.War rape occurred as a matter of official orders as p artistic production of ethnic cleansing, to displace the targeted ethnic group. One of the parking lot misconceptions about the Yugoslav Wars is that they were the result of centuries of ethnic conflict. In item, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the ethnically mixed region of Dalmatia held close and sociable relations in the midst of the Croats and Serbs who lived there, and many early proponents of a united Yugoslavia came from this region, such as Dalmatian Croat Ante Trumbic.However by the time of the outbreak of the Yugoslav Wars the historic hospitable relations between Croats and Serbs in Dalmatia had broken down, with Dalmatian Serbs fighting on the side of the Republic of Serbian Krajina. Clear ethnic conflict between the Yugoslav peoples only bec ame prominent in the 20th century, beginning with tensions over the constitution of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes in the early 1920s and escalating into violence between Serbs and Croats in the late 1920s after the assassination of Croatian nationalist Stjepan Radic.Severe ethnic conflict occurred during World War II during which the Croatian Ustase movement committed genocide against Serbs, while the Serbian Chetnik movement responded with reprisals against Croats as well as murdering Bosniaks. However the Yugoslav Partisan movement was able to appeal to all national groups, including Serbs, Croats and Bosniaks. Josip Broz Tito was half-Croat half-Slovene. natural Enes Bilalovic in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, to a Slovakian mother and a Bosniak father who had been Josip Broz Titos tailor, Enki Bilal moved to Paris at the age of 9.Given all these historical informations, what can be tell on Enki Bilals perspective on art? Hatzfeld, a tetralogy deeling with the difficult pas t and the break up of Yugoslavia from a future point of view can help the reader to find an answer to that question. But first of all, what is art? Art is a diverse range of human activities and the products of those activities the visual arts includes the creation of images or objects in fields including painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, and other visual media.Until the 17th century, art referred to any skill or mastery and was not differentiated from crafts or sciences, but in modern usage the fine arts, where aesthetic considerations are paramount, are distinguished from acquired skills in general, and the decorative or applied arts. (Wikipedia) According to Levi-Strauss, art has had a vast number of different functions throughout its history, making its purpose difficult to abstract or quantify to any single concept. This does not mean that the purpose of art is vague, but that it has had many different reasons for being created.The different purposes of art may be grouped according to those that are non-motivated, and those that are motivated. Motivated purposes of art refer to intentional, conscious actions on the part of the artist. Some of these functions may be as following The Avante-Garde Art for political change. One of the defining functions of early ordinal century art has been to use visual images to bring about political change. Art movements that had this goalDadaism, Surrealism, Russian Constructivism, and Abstract Expressionism, among othersare collectively referred to as the avante-garde arts.Art for social inquiry, subversion and/or anarchy While similar to art for political change, subversive or deconstructivist art may seek to question aspects of society without any specific political goal. In this case, the function of art may be simply to criticize some aspect of society. (Wikipedia) Bilal seem to question what art is and its manage at the end of 20th century. In the second book of the tetralogy, 32 Decembre, on page 9, Nike and his so-called girl friend receieve an invitation to a party in the form of nuclear light.The invitation appears as a small nuclear explosion, this is a fascinating visual little show but the amount of effort made is certainly unnecessary. It is absurd and pointless. This is an all white party. People who are participating are literally coloured in white. Again a detail Nike thinks that it is absurd. On page 18, Nike finds out that him and the other people who are at the party are actually walking on a white canvas. This puts them in a situation where they are nothing but the art work, they are objects but not subjects.He finds this absurd as well and he does not like it. After a while, it becomes obvious that whatever he or other people at this party are doing there, it is to create and to be part of an art work. This fact is hard to deal with. Warhole, satanic and powerful scientist of the first book gets some artistic spirit in the second book of the tetralogy. His star ts to consider his new evil projects as art works. He also reancarnates himself as the v. g. a. (very great artist) Halrowe. Art is depicted as dangerous in the second book.The story itself becomes more postmedern in that second part. Surreal events and images start to appear more and more, one of them being the head of the Warhole ehich has fishes all around. Warhole is saying things like search for power and the joy of creating. He is pictured as a crazy dangerous artist-scientist. He is calling what he does absolute evil art. Bilal is questioning what does art mean when it is quarantined from its social context. At the beginning of the first book, he is making a referral to Abdullah Sidran, a Bosnian playwriter

Supply Chain Quality Management Practices

TOWARDS A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF SUPPLY CHAIN QUALITY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Article International Journal of Production Research This base reports the leave behind of a comparative study of choice official documents and methods adaptation by operations and supply grasp managers. SCQM is defined as a system base approach to performance improvement that leverages opportunities created by upstream and downstream linkages with suppliers and nodes. Operation management is traditional been explained by some version of an inputs-transformation process- outputs view of the productive cogency of the firms.From Quality perspective, operation managers have focused on internal activities much(prenominal) as process control process improvement, product soma improvement and design of experiment. As a result, more than and more six-sigma improvement project evolved. In addition experts like Deming have long emphasized importance of customers and supplier. In this paper, it explored the fight between flavor management practice of operation managers and each type of managers emphasizes supply chain managers, including what quality tools.Tool can here mean the method such as benchmarking, an approach to improving quality such as process improvement team (PIT) and leadership. Literature review and hypothesis development Supply chain management has developed as a field from the integration of operations and marketing management. As a result, a linkage with upstream firms which was once the plain of purchasing has been elevated in importance. The quality management precedence for this is found in Demings fourth point, End the practice of awarding business on the basis of price tag alone.Instead, minimize total cost. Move towards a single supplier for any one item, on a long-term alliance of loyalty and trust. This has resulted in a merging of quality management and supply chain management principles. Supply chain management practices can result in operational benef its such as decreased production lead times, reduced costs, faster product development, and increased quality In this article job for integration of quality and supply chain management Theodorakioglu found a significant positive correlation between supplier management and total quality management.Quality has been one of the critical determines in choosing suppliers. Hence a hypothesis is developed t understand how managers differ in adopting quality tool. 57 quality tools be selected. Some of the tools are Benchmarking, Enterprise resource planning (ERP), Just in Time (JIT), lean, Quality awards, Six Sigma Black Belt DMAIC, Poka Yoke, basic seven tools of quality like f modestcharts, Fish bone Diagram, Affinity diagram, 5-S, Problem evaluation and review technique (PERT), and Data analysis. Quality professional tools like control chart, computer support testing (CAT), inspection, Gage R&R. Some supply chain tools like customer relationship management, Complaint resolution, Suppli er development, Supplier evaluation like ISO 9000, and customer benefit package. chassis tools like Quality Function Deployment (QFD), estimator Aided Design (CAD), Concurrent design, Quality assurance (QA), Failure mode and effects analysis(FMEA), Design of Experiment(DOE), Design for manufacture (DFM), Reliability Index, DMADV, and Robust design by Taguchi. Management tools like On the Job Training, Change Management, Human resource Management (HRM), Systems Thinking, eventuality Theory, Plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle, Crosby-managing quality concept, Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA), Jurans Trilogy of improvement, and Hoshin planning However, these tools are a broad collection of approaches to improving quality that will provide insights to the differences between how operations and supply chain managers approach quality improvement. Methods Data for this study was gathered by inviting opusicipants to complete a web-based survey. The survey included seven Liker t scales that allowed respondent commit the extent to which they expendd various quality tools. These lists are submitted to the panel of six supply chain and quality managers. Result in removal of one tool and addition of two tools in the survey. Total 57 tools are included in the survey. The test was conducted with MBA students, APICS members, ISM members, and CSCMP members. Result Using SAS, it is examined difference in the engagement of quality tools between operation and managers and supply chain managers. It is computed and found the difference between mean responses of each manger. A positive difference indicate a particular tool is utilized to a greater extend between both managers. Negative differences indicate operation managers tend to use the tool more than supply chain managers. To test our hypothesis, we then ranked the quality tool means and performed a Kruskal Wallis test to analyze differences in ranks where the treatment was type of manager.Conclusion Tools of senior high importance to both Supply Chain and Operation Managers On the job training, Data Analysis, Supply chain management, Customer relationship management, Project Management and survey. Tools distinguished primarily to Supply Chain Mangers Leadership, Benchmarking, Complaint resolution, Supplier management, Change management, ERP, Awards, Design for the environment, Six sigma, and Deming. Tools important primarily to Operation Mangers QFD, Computer Aided Design (CAD), Computer Aided Testing (CAT), Prototyping, ISO 9000, Design for Manufacture, PDCA, Gage R&R, and 5-S. Tools of low importance to both Supply Chain and Operations Managers DMAIC, Crosby, DMADV, MBNQA, SERVQUAL, Juran, and Hoshin. There are few surprises. The low rankings for the Baldrige award and the six-sigma methodologies were somewhat surprising. It could be that DMAIC and DMADV is more the domain of six sigma black belts. Since these black belts tend to be more specialized, both managers may not utilize t hese processes in daily problem solving and decision-making. Reflection on the identified differences reveals that operations managers tend to manage supply chain relationship through adjective methods such as ISO 9000 and supplier evaluation. Supply chain managers tend to adopt more collaborative approaches such as supplier development, awards, and complaint resolution processes. As the field of operations moves more in a supply chain direction, this could change. Supply chain professionals have long emphasized collaboration and this has become part of the supply chain culture.

Jean Froissart Essay

The French historian and poet Jean Froissart (c. 1333-c. 1405) was educated for the church but at the come on of nineteen began to write a history of the wars of his time. In 1360 he went to England, where he received a gracious welcome from Philippa of Hainault, wife of Edward III, who appointed him clerk of her chamber. In 1364 he traveled in Scotland, where he was the guest of exponent David Bruce and of the Earl of Douglas. In 1366 he went to Aquitaine with the Black Prince in 1368 he was in Italy, possibly with Chaucer and Patriarch, at the spousals of the Duke of Clarence.About 1390 he settled in Flanders, and resumed work on his Chronicle. In 1395 he revisited England, and was cordially welcomed by Richard II. He then returned to Chimay, where he had obtained a canonry, and where he may generate died. This essay will explore the three places where Jean had visited and her description on committedness, nationality and chivalry. Go Normandy instead of Taking Gascoyne, testi ng the dedication of the female monarch. During the program attacked to Gascoyne to rescue his hands were sore constrained in the castle of Aiguillon.Lord of Harcourt suggested to the force of England to change the route instead of taking Gascoyne, he wanted or else to set a land to Normandy. He reasons out jeopardy of my head, if ye will land there, there is none that shall resist you the people of Normandy have not been utilize to the War, and all the knights and squires of the country are now at the siege before Aiguillon with the duke and I require you to believe me in this voyage. By this reasons he wanted the King to believe in him. (Boss, p. 6) Because of the loyalty of the King he ensures with the lord of Harcourt.The King then he commanded the mariners to set their course to Normandy, and he took into his ship. (Page 6). However, the King before deciding he should first think and consult also all other lords, earls, barons and knights. (Page 5). I believe more head is better than one head. The decision of the King display loyalty to only one person. He didnt draw a plan that if he view ass Normandy what consequences they are going to face and the positive possibilities power happen. If they take Gascoyne what are some advantages and disadvantages.Loyalty is not bad(predicate) to see in a person just like what Froissart wanted and like to have in a person. Conquering the Hogue Saint-Vaast is the only means of giving joyful to his hands. The Knights sees the negative signed when they arrived in Hogue Saint-Vaast. This signed is the fallen of the King to the ground, that the blood brast out of his nose. (Page 7). So they wanted to warn the King that might evil things will happen. The knights want the Kings and the whole groups safety. But the King answered quickly and said Wherefore?This is a good token for me, for the land desired to have me. Of which answer all his men were right joyful (Page7). In this passage he never believed his knight and fifty-fifty dont want to listen to the idea that his knights was pointing out. The King believed that conquering this place would be the only gravid joyful to his people. He doesnt take the advice of his knights. He is not loyal to his knights he thinks that the taking the place can give happiness to his people by robbing the other country and burning the house. These acts give the code of chivalric.Where Jean Froissart hated especially the cruelty they display. The only way in succeeding the war is being Loyal to the King and the constable. During the battle of Caen, the men of lord of France display loyalty to their Kings and constable for they will not do any fights with out the King and the constable. The men feel power and courage if they have the King and the constable in their sides. They believed that loyalty to the king and constable made them win in the war. Succeeding in the war can be harvested if the King and the constable showed their full support and braveness .The King of France and constable agrees with his men says In the name of God be it, ye shall not fight without me. (p. 12) Then they issued out in good order and made good face to fight and to defend them and to put their lives in adventure. (Tetterton, 1993). The King and constable believed that if they are with the men in the war they will have the glory. Their presence can make the men brave and assertive in the war. To a certain extend they are right. Their loyalty to the King and constable are plays a lot especially pleasing their Kings.But they forget that they must first loyalty to one self and compose confident and courage to their heart to win the war. Loyalty to self is the most important to all endeavors. Loyalty to one self can make a person brave. It can even do the impossible things that are extraordinary to others. If a person lacks this loyalty to others and to one self failure might occur. Thats maybe they are fought in the battle of Caen over the England. Nationa lism is the only way in retrieving the lost country. The King of France shows nationalism in acting to come up his country that devastated by the Englishmen men.(Tetterton, 1993) His country was Brent, exiled, robbed, wasted and pilled the good with the Englishmen. He felt that his people pain and swear and said how they should never return again defaulted withal, and that much(prenominal) hurts and damages as they had done should be dearly revenged. (p. 10) By these barbaric act done by the opponents, the King of France call all the great leading in his country and plan in retrieving and depending his people who are now under the hands of the England. In response to the call of the King of France all the great leaders come and set with the King of France.Like the lord John of Hainault, who came to him with a great number also the king sent for other men of arms, dukes, earls, barons, knights and squires, and assembled together the greatest number of people that had been seen in France a hundred year before (P. F. Collier & SON). Lord John of Hainault responded because he has Nationalism in his country if thats the reason he agree with the King sacrificing his life in defending the people who are violated by the Englishmen. I agree with the King of France in retrieving his country against the opponent. And I believed that Jean Froissart also agree for he love nationalism.Nationalism should be live in heart for every human. Defending the nation is great honor for every citizen. Dying for one country is a great privilege for a servant. Conclusion This essay shows nationalism is important to the King of France in defending their country. The King call all his great leaders and sacrificing his safety for the good of his people. While the King of England shows more loyalty to his trusted arm men who happen to be his cousin the lord of Harcourt. Finally, the scene above as stipulated by Jean Froissart shows nationalism greater in France and lesser in England, by the way they acted on the situation during the war.Jeans Foissart who loves chivalry who is violated both the France and England during the war. The cruelty done to women who Foissart disagree to see was there. The men in the war did not show politeness to the citizens. All they think is there happiness in taking advantages to the captured enemy. Loyalty and nationalism should be done and gross(a) not to violate human rights of others. It should be put and live in our heart.ReferencesBoss, Judy. The Chronicles of Froissart. 22 November 2006, from Conversion to TEI-conformant markup University of Virginia Library Electronic Text Center. 1994

Sociological Perspective on Religion

Sociological Perspectives on Religion During this semester I have erudite that in essence, free will does not gear our decision making abut, it is primarily parliamentary procedure that influences alone thoughts and behaviors in turn, impacting all aspects of our life. The evolutionary socialization process initiates at the moment of conception, in our mothers womb, with childhood, carries on during adulthood and ends in our graves. The most important and influential agent of socialization is the family.On a global perspective, the primary teachers, our p arnts, educate us on language, beliefs, physical control, values and civilized behavior for public conduct. The greatest belief instilled is that of divinity and casting lift off of a morality. According to the Sociology text book, Religion is defined as a social institution involving beliefs and practices chemical groupd on recognizing the sacred. Ethically, it encompasses what we define to be good or bad. In this paper I will further examine religion on a global perspective from previously conducted social research and merely how important a role it plays in our lives.Religion has been used to celebrate life at birth, adulthood, mourning of death and politics. According to Emile Durkheim (1965, orig. 1915) in his structural functional approach, society on its own, beyond the life of any individual, has life and power. When practicing religion the power of this society is celebrated. He found that within this society people look to to take note social cohesion, social control, meaning and purpose. Symbols, values and norms are what shape a religion. Since God is considered to be the divine and symbol of perfection, religious fanatics fear his judgment.In the joined States more or less 85% of adults identify themselves with some type of religion. God Bless America, is widely used by politicians to address our people and demonstrate they guess the higher power is not them but, God. That they cann ot lead without the blessing of God. In the past 2008 election gayy questioned Barack Obamas faith because his father was born Muslim and accordingly became atheist while, his mother was never genuinely active in a religious organization. Therefore, Obama was raised to be skeptic to the highest degree religion and showed no true(p) inclination, causing a lot of criticism during the campaign.People want to follow who shares the same values as themselves. Saying a simple phrase as God Bless America convinces them that their political leaders views and ruling will be geared under what religion oerseas as ethically correct. When I say ethically right, the geographical location of religion must be taken into consideration because social conflict tends to arise due to the fact that all religions dont support or share the same ideas. For example, in the Middle East there are claims that God is behind the actions we in the United States consider to be evil such as, the terrorist attack of 9/11.This is one of the differences in religion that affected our society in the U. S. and has provoked violence and war. power within the United States towards people that appeared of Middle Eastern decent and declared war once against terror in the middle east. Religion shapes society and is considered to be socially constructed. With divine being the inspiration, people differentiate the ordinary and extraordinary with in rituals such as, holidays and solicitation. In theory, religion plays a major role in behavior, marriage, man and wife and social inequality.For example, marriages through religion have lower divorce rates than those arranged outside of religion. Couples are planning a divorce before fuss married by making prenuptial arrangements. Although, love life may very well be present in these marriages, they are still thinking about themselves individually and protecting against later implications. I was in a relationship for six eld and within those years we c onceived to the two precious, Xavier and Joshua. If I wouldve been married through religion, the possibilities of my being a single parent today would be close to none.Religion gives marriage a greater value rather than the usual base of love. At one point we attempted to seek counseling and received a referral to a pastor who geared the entire session on conformation with divinity, plan of marriage and unity of family under his religion. In NRSV Corinthians 134-8, 13, Paul described the meaning of true love as follows Love is patient love is kind love is not envious or boastful or arrogant or rude. It does not insist on its own way it is not irritable or resentful it does not rejoice in wrongdoing, but rejoices in the truth.It bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things. Love never ends. tho as for prophecies, they will come to an end as for tongues, they will cease as for knowledge, it will come to an end And now faith, hope and love abide, these tercet and the greatest of these is love. (NSRV, 1 Corinthians 134-8, 13) If we were to follow this definition of love, we wouldnt be projecting our fears as individuals instead building a base for both as a whole. In this instance, my relationship would still be present as many others.Based on this and Emile Durkheims sociological findings religion focuses on union societies. You see that a person is justified by what he does and not by faith alone. (James 224) Surprisingly, another social conflict within religion is due to inequality. Social order as Karl Marx points is justified by religion. He addresses capitalism as the old saying rich get richer and poor get poorer. Especially, in todays economy we find the unemployment rate rising at a fast pace resulting in homeless and hungry people. racialism also went hand in hand with religion in social inequality since the nineteenth century due to ethnocentrism.It was generally believed the white dominated over people of color. They were to be kept genuine and not integrate other races even within religion, employment and their entire society. In this belief was also the premonition that God was in accordance with white superiority, or at least this was the excuse, causing the creation of internal colonialism. Therefore, my brothers, be all the more eager to concur your calling and election sure. For if you do these things, you will never fall, and you will receive a rich welcome into the eternal kingdom of our Lord and Savior messiah Christ. (2 Peter 110-11)Whites remained together, substantiateing all other races inferior and living in poverty. On the other hand during nineteenth century many religious groups worked against inequality and stood up for the abolishment of slavery during the civil rights movement. As stated in the Sociology text book Male Orthodox Jews say the following prayer everyday Blessed art thou, O Lord our God, queen of the Universe, that I was not born a gentile. Blessed art thou, O Lord our God, King of the Universe, that I was not born a slave. Blessed art thou, O Lord our God, King of the Universe, that I was not born a char. Another form of inequality within religion is through gender. Subordination of women has come a dour throughout history in modern today. Although, we have come a long way inequality still exists. For example, in poor countries such as Africa and Southern Asia polygamy is practiced where it is legal for men to marry more than two women. Also, in Tibet a form of polygamy named polyandry is also practiced where two men can share one woman. In other areas there are still ideas that keep woman from jobs. These women go about their lives marrying, having many children and live in poverty. A manis the image and glory of God but woman is the glory man. For man was not made from woman, but woman from man. Neither was man created for woman, but woman for man. (1 Corinthians 117-9) As in all the performes of the saints, the women should keep silence in the churches. For they are not permitted to speak, but should be subordinate, as even the law says. If there is anything they desire to know, let them ask their husbands at home. For it is shameful for a woman to speak in church. (1 Corinthians 1433-35) Wives, be subject to your husbands, as to the Lord.For the husband is the head of the wife as Christ is the head of the church. As the church is subject to Christ, so let wives also be subject in everything to their husbands. (Ephesians 522-24) From a Christian point of view women were sought to be a source of temptation due to the fact that Eve was to blame for Adams fall, it was because of her that evil came about into the world. On the other hand once again religious groups sought to fight for equality by supporting feminism and gay rights during the 1960s and 1970s. Religion has caused great social change. In time of strike or illness everyone seeks for enlightenment within religion.Max Weber and his colleague Erns t Troeltsch studied precisely Calvinism, a protestant reformation movement. Calvinists believe some are selected by God to be saved and others to be damned. They then looked for signs of divine blessing and worked very hard to acquire great wealth. With this wealth they would reinvest profits resulting in the fulfillment of their calling. This Weber and Troeltsch found as the cause in rise of industrial capitalism. The poor were considered rejects of God. Throughout history Christianity has reached out to people suffering in promise of a better life in faith.Liberating people from oppression, poverty and promotion of greater equality is their purpose. Ironically in most recent years there have been a rising number of cases reported on sexual abuse by Christian priests. The Christian church claims problems arise in our society due to the ignorance in God. Families seek refuge and divinity within their churches and find the cruel reality that evil exists there. Many changes are going about with regards to religion. People are adopting other religious organizations rather than the ones instilled from childhood. Also, as technology continues to advance secularization arise.Secularization is the decline in brilliance and value of the sacred and supernatural. In times of despair we now seek answers and depend on physicians. As we see change in religion we find it more questionable. Now spiritual seekers in the New Age movement, look into conventional religious organizations. Modernization has taken on a new entwine in religion and the way we view it. With is the desire to continue conserving our real identity is rarely exactly maintained. In the following passage William Ernest Henley writes about utmost(a) individualism and how capable we are to determine our lives Out of the night that covers me,Black as the Pit from pole to pole, I thank whatever gods may be For my unconquerable soul. In the fell clutch of circumstance I have not winced nor cried aloud. Under the bludgeoning of chance My head is bloody, but unbowed. Beyond this place of peevishness and tears Looms but the Horror of the shade, And yet the menace of the years Finds, and shall find, me unafraid. It matters not how strait the gate, How charged with punishments the scroll, I am the master of my fate I am the captain of my soul. Today we live in a world where terrorism, wars, death and torture of innocent are to no surprise.Every day you turn on the news there are children missing, parents killing and mistreating each other and their family. In this society everyone is running at a fast pace with a ice-cold heart, committing selfish acts of corruption, leading abusive relationships, violence, hatred, sexual perversion, etc.. Humans are part of this society and continue responding to and redirecting their social interaction and context. The sad part of it all is that society has created all this and that religion has played a major role in directing everyones sense of self.W orks Cited Society. J. Macionis, Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, 10th edition, 2009. Exploring Religious Meaning. Robert C. Monk. Walter C. Hofheinz. Kenneth T. Lawrence. Joseph D. Stamey. Bert Affleck. Tetsunao Yamamori, velocity Saddle River, NJPrentice-Hall, 6th edition, 2003 Sociology of religion. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 7 Nov 2009, 2359 UTC. 18 Nov 2009 . William Ernest Hensley, Invictus,Poems( New York Scribner, 1919), p. 119 Sociological Perspectives on Religion

Anita Desai Essay

The main partings who struck me the near atomic number 18 genus Uma and her br some other Arun to them are dedicated the two parts of the novel. Personally I think they rush a lot of things in common and Im non only considering the fact that they belong to the same close-knit family they are someway subjected to a reality from which they both indispensability to escape. Uma is the plainest character of the novel, I think she always obeys her parents and makes everything they want her to do. This is not completely a negative point just, interpreting the first pages of the record, I convey that I would same to react for her to the commandments of her MamaPapa, as they are often mentionedGo to the cookPrepare the packet for your brother compose a letterbut how arsehole she manage to do all these things to ca-caher?In my opinion Uma is also nave, she seems to be somehow tied by a sense of duty to her parents, especially after the failure of her two arranged conjugations, and what ab proscribed the dowry she has squandered? as her mother reminds her.The only pause of her life is dien by the visits of Mira-masi, a particular char who deeply fascinates Uma for the stories she tells her she represents a ray of hope into the life of the girl, although her parents have ont approve the complicity created between them.Arun, whose birth was rightfully longed for, is sent to the USA where he attends the college being the only son of the family he has the honour of receiving a impregn sufficient education and he has also the possibility to live far from the oppressing reality of his homeland.But his life remains very unhappy also the family to which he lives musical composition in America is a sort of weight for him. The second part of the novel seems to me a long digression about(predicate) intellectual nourishment, I think that the food itself is the only reason for a link between Arun and the new family, Mrs Patton in particular. I think both brother and sister are oppressed voices who want to live in peace and to escape from the world they live in, although they arent able to rebel against it. For this very reason I would like them to write to each other, what does not happen in the novel. Dear Arun,Maybe for the first metre in my life I admit that Im very sorry but what troubles me the almost is the fact that Im not able to find a way outOur cousin Anamika is dead. Everybody here is trying to give an explanation butwhat for, she wont ever come back and in that location are no acceptable explanations for her death I absolutely cant imagine that the urn in front of me contains her ashesshe is dead but Im dead too. Her awe for the family led her towards death, but what about me?I leave behind stay forever with MamaPapa, I cant abandon them, they aremy life When mama grips my hand I hit the sack, I feel that there is something powerful between us and I cant, I cant leaveMamaPapa is calling meI have to go.I dont k right away if I will ever send this letter to you perhaps I will burn it. UmaDear Uma,A new semester at the college is stock and my stay with the Pattons is over. Im happy because I can leave this strange family it wasnt my place, I didnt feel comfortable with them, I mat up oppressed and obliged to be part of it, maybe only because I felt sorry for Mrs Patton and I didnt want to disappoint her.This is the reason wherefore I gave her the presents you sent me (but please dont reveal anything to MamaPapa) I didnt want her to be worried about me when I silently walked out of her life. ArunAlice Bravin 5 HLiceo Scientifico M. Grigoletti Pordenone Anita Desai FASTING, FEASTING The novel by Anita Desai appeared insipid to my eyes. If I were asked to collect all the emotions that the book has stirred in my heart, I would find myself in anguishing troubles, for Im quite numb to it as well I am frustrated by each work of art dominated by a sense of heaviness. The characters are imbued with, or re gular(a) develop, they are emblems of this heaviness which reveals itself mainly in the temperament of Uma, who is the best-built character of the novel. Anita Desai succeeded in the enterprise of creating a character without personality, a cleaning woman deprived of her soul.She is the designated victim who is doomed to endure the burden of life, symbolized first of all by her parents. Uma doesnt strike my sensibility I dont feel pity for her, nor would I establish a sort of sympathetic relationship with her her ineptitude doesnt arouse my anger, nor would I provoke her out of the status of torpor she experiences. I am quite interested in one of the psychological aspects of Uma, that of repression. Uma is not free to be what she wants to be, to do what she wants to do, so she is utterly repressed in her passions, in her feelings, in her personality this last dimension is completely neglected to her.These inner forces run inside her veins and arteries, like water permeating throu gh the cracks of a rock and when temperatures micturates colder, it becomes ice and causes the explosion of the rock. The same happens inside Uma and the implosion is disguised as a sort of disease. Convulsions, sickness which leads to vomit, suffered cries, these moments are the most involving and at the same time disturbing moments and situations of the novel. I would have appreciated if Anita Desai had developed this edge of the prism of Uma. Sigmund Freud stated that mental patients are like diamonds, whose structure is based on its corners. In these lines the diamond would break in case it fell on the ground. Uma is like that. Her body seems possess by a demoniac spirit, her limbs, her bowels are rocked by the unique act of rebellion which is allowed to her.I wonder why the writer has snobbed this issue, which probably assumes a spectral and philosophical value and is strictly connected to Indian culture. The heaviness that haunts the book is expressed even by the mountai ns. Concerning this point I would like to recall the learn of Uma and her aunt who leave together on a spiritual trip. The bus they catch is incredibly crowded this episode evokes the image of mingled noises and smells within the tatty and sandy air of India. The writer enables us to appreciate each aspect of the setting thanks to her detailed language so that the contributor manages to broaden his receptive perceptions and is caught by the use of synaesthesia.( The description of the believers bathing in the Gange becomes meaningful in this sense ). Before starting reading the book I thought it would be quite precious for me in order to learn more about the Indian world, even appreciating it by means of the parallel Anita Desai draws with Northern America. But I was wrong Fasting, feasting doesnt seem so representative of India the impression I get is that of a character Uma who might be perhaps Irish or even Italian. Westerners share the same common imagery about India an d this common imagery is banal and dominated by prejudices.The book is ambiguous, in the sense that neither supports this statement, nor deny it. The same ambiguity lies in the second part of the novel that dedicated to Arun which takes place in the United Stated of America. Anita Desai gives us tenets and traits of the American Society coming in the story of an American family. Here there arent crowded busses or temples, but televisions, junk food, couches, barbecues, baseball matches and mass who enjoy all these objects and gists. The same dusty air is breathed by Arun when he goes back home walking on the boundaries of the street.The same atmosphere of heaviness which degenerates into disease. For these very reasons I state that Uma and her story are not so Indian. Moreover, I have some perplexities about the last chapter really shorter than the first one which doesnt find a proper literary justification. It is a sort of appendix, even if only almost at the end of the book theres the precise reference to the tile Fasting, feasting and is embodied by the bulimic girl. Alessandra Crimi 5 HLiceo Scientifico M. Grigoletti Pordenone Anita Desai Fasting, Feasting Fasting, Feasting is one of the most interesting books I have ever read. Thanks to the brilliant descriptions and the elegant narration the reader has the opportunity to create an imaginary but precise setting were characters develop during the story. I think that this novel is like a mirror because it gives the opportunity to reflect, in both meanings of the word.We can reflect ourselves in the protagonists (mirror-like effect) and we can reflect, think, about the different values and importance that people from different societies give to ideals they believe in. In my opinion the rhythm of the narration is sometimes too slow, but I can understand that it is due to the fact that, once again, it mirrors the context where the story takes place. In India, in fact, there is no frenetic life, no stres s, no misgiving of living and for this very reason people can pay attention to fine events that we probably ignore.When the find asks for his drink, it seems to me that everyone in the family has to stop and be there for this event when a guest arrives unexpectedly, all the attention is directed to him even the choice of one kind of food rather than another seems to be one of the most important problems of the day. . The character of Mumdad is what emotionally touched me most, maybe because to a certain extent I can detect in them some traits my parents have. The image of Mumdad on the swing describes their indissoluble bond.Mumdad are a unique person/entity do up of two different souls. These two souls are always at unison, they neer take opposite decisions, they argue but they always find a compromise, they are, in a word, complementary.I always admired this ability to build little by little a life together even if, for a child, sometimes its not so easy to accept their decis ion, or rather, their impositions. Uma is my favourite character. In some parts of the novel I felt really involved in her problems, in her thoughts and desires. She loves school even if she isnt able to get good marks she loves learning, she wants to try again, to spend another year at school, shes sure she will improve. She suffers when Mumdad decide she should give up her studies.She suffers when she understands she is not as beautiful, intelligent as her sister Aruna, and so she is considered a lesser woman.Uma suffers silently, she accepts her condition of inferiority, yet she is always looking for a moment of annulus that, unfortunately, never comes. She is like the most humble flower that grows up silently, that is trampled from the gardener that gave her birth, because a rose is blooming next to the humble flower and he moldiness be there to praise the perfection and beauty of the rose.Im not saying that I reflect myself in Uma , absolutely not, on the contrary, Im saying t hat all my life I have been an Aruna, and I didntknow about it. Im an only child, there is no Uma in my family, but thanks to the juxtaposition of the two characters I have understood that I have always been loved and pampered and occupy for and highly considered and I dont really know if I deserve all this.This book has really been a with child(p) opportunity for me, it has made me reflect on my values and on the meaning of my little life too often we dont realise what is around us. But now I want stop talking about me. I would love to write a some lines about arranged marriages. In our Western society, marriage is generally viewed as a value strongly linked with the concept of freedom, the freedom to choose the person with whom we would like to spend all our life.We have this great opportunity and we often waste it. We are free to love a person for his peculiarities and not for his money and often people choose the partner for his richness, we get married and then we divorce a nd kids are treated as merchandise, we often get married for reasons that sometimes are far away from love and we say to judge a society where parents choose a spouse for their children. I think that Western people are more contradictory than what they want to admit and perhaps less happy. Perhaps it is this very feeling that leads plenty of us to judge other cultures.DA PIEVE LUCIA 5 HLiceo scientifico M. Grigoletti Anita Desai Fasting,Feasting This is the first book by Anita Desai I have ever read. Her observations are astute whether they are on living conditions in India or USA. Anita Desai uses her words perfectly to convey exactly what she feels,but even if it could seem a contradiction,I think that the problem with the book is its dry, clinical approach in chronicling the lives of the characters, the book lacks passion. I was always on the outside, looking into the lives of people. The book offers few chances of getting involved with the characters ,in fact while reading the book I didnt feel the compulsion of finishing it quickly. The part I liked better is the first half of the book that deals with life in a small, slow town in India, with rigid parents and well-drafted routines.The Indian half is more detailed than the other half which deals with the rule-less life in suburban USA. In the first half there is a partly successful, proud bring forth, who goes through life, with set patterns and no passion. A mother who goes along with her husband, doing what is supposedly right and expected of her, curbing and killing all her innate desires. Three children. The eldest, Uma, clumsy . The middle daughter Aruna, pretty, ambitious and smart, but eventually also a victim of her choices.The last, a son, Arun, on whom the parents put all their dreams and energies. All of them, along with members of their extended family, go through some mixed bag of deprivation (of will, of fun, of passion and of love). I think that a merit of this book is the way it highlig hts the Indian traditions, cultures and mostly the place of a woman in an Indian family. I liked the character of Uma in the book because she is both willing to take a chance with life and at the same time dedicated to her family.She takes whatever happens to her life with such grace that she does not give me a chance to cry for her. I like her inner strength.The story in itself is told from the perspective of the protagonist, Uma, who starts out as a wideeyed child at a convent who shows an enthusiasm for education but with the birth of her brother Arun, Uma takes on the berth of nanny. Here, one encounters the distinct preference parents have for the male child.Desai next explores the conventional belief that ties a womans worth to her physical appearance. A woman who lacks beauty is often rushed into the first marital offer she receives, only to pay a heavy price later on. Desai shows the challenges a single woman faces regardless of how successful she is. By contrast, Umas cous in is portrayed as the ultimate success because she is able to marry well thanks to her looks. She makes the reader wonder how happy she truly is, when she eventually takes her own life.Uma is the main character in the first half of the novel. She is a clumsy, uncoordinated woman who finds it problematic to succeed in almost everything she does she fails in school, cant cook, spills food and drink and cant find anyone worthwhile to get married to. Her father feels that Uma is incapable of fending for herself, as she is too clumsy, uncoordinated andproves a failure in almost everything she does.Uma fails in school, in the kitchen and she even fails to find anyone worthwhile to get married to.The father asks Uma to interrupt her studies in the Christian convent when he find out she not doing very well at school. He feels that it was a waste of time and money to provide Uma an education he has other plans for her.She will look after her baby brother Arun and take care of the househol d while her mother rests after giving birth. Umas life is constantly planned by her father.Uma cannot resist her fathers heavy patriarchal ideology, as she is afraid of the consequences that would befall her if she angered the colonial characteristics of her father. Umas entertainment comes in the form of her cousin, Ramu. When Ramu is around, Uma feels at ease. But the father feels that Ramu is a bad influence on Uma. He does not want Uma to be influenced by other men who are capable of persuade her to resist the demands of his patriarchal nature.

Varsha

REPORT WRITING ABCD ABCD, the technical symposium, held true to its tagline- The stovepipe there was, the best there is, the best there ever will be. A throng of students from various colleges flocking the campus. The able coordinators lead them through registration and to the paper presentation lawsuit which kicked off the day long extravaganza. The quizzing event had many students attending the preliminary event but besides a few reached the final. The final was a suspenseful experience with cut-throat competition and a tie break win.Being from the computer science dep maneuverment, the students proved their mettle in the code debugging event, which was lauded by all the participants as an fall out of the ordinary approach to the competition. Mobile app development and digital art gave an opportunity for non-programmers. We also had non-technical events like Dumb charades and Adzap where students channelled their inner actor. Shipwreck and JAM events attracted many. The great est looker however was full toss, an indoor version of cricket, the surprise event of the day.The success that we saw was not without reason. So, it would only be befitting to mention the long but rewarding journey behind it. The planning started out small, with the class representatives drawing up the budgets. Soon, all the students were pitching in with the organization of Kranti. Procuring sponsorship for the event was a disclosure of sorts. We learnt a hard lesson that every rupee has to be earned and nothing comes free. Despite the scoffs, refusals, doors shut on our faces, we managed to get a whooping amount of two lakhs.The event brought out a whole new notional side of the students hidden behind a facade of technical expertise. The walls were laced with authentic Indian art like warli and madhubani paintings. The boys erected a look-alike model of the Vivekananda memorial- a fitting centrepiece. The official website of abcd was built from scratch by our in-house technocra ts. The state of the art creation showcased our theme beautifully and enabled students to register online. The experience taught us to work as a team and we came to respect each other.We played off each others strengths temporary hookup respecting our own shortcomings. This resulted in an efficient and organised event that went along without a hitch right up to the valedictory function. Participants filing out, the charts pulled down, furniture restored to their normal arrangement- the day was coming to an end. We were swarmed with a multitude of emotions. Relieved the event was over, euphoric the event was a success, sore to our every last bone, a little sad that brio was back to normal, one thought unified us all- the day was going to be etched in our minds forever as the epitome of our college life.

Care planning for individual needs Essay

Care planning to meet the vexation needs of an item-by-item (P4, M3, D2) What are the potential differences in Sallys gondolae needs at all the diametrical life stages?ChildhoodIn Sallys childhood, she grew up in mining town which whitethorn learn been detrimental to her health due to the dust particles and other substance that could give birth been brought up from the mine, she has give tongue to that when she was growing up, that there was ice on the inside of the window, that the house was cold and damp, and that she remembers having Bronchitis every year and having terce weeks off in infant and junior school. Sally too said that she remember when she was little that she was told of for having the guts door wide open because it was so hot she did not k like a shot why until a circularize of years later when her mom said that she had measles which was very serious and that she could of died from it. She also states that when she was eleven, that she and her parents moved in to a house with central warming. battles in Sallys care Not having central heating from an early age, she also contracted bronchitis and measles which could have been detrimental to her health.AdolescenceSally has said that in her teens, she experience in truth bad period pains and that she was taken kayoed of education because of it, but she also says that she was dictate with tablets that made her really drowsy and sleepy but she says that it took the pain away. Differences in sallys care Every girl in their teens entrust at some point start having periods, some girls will have really bad pains from it and some wont, in Sallys case she would have needed medication to help relieve the pain and have a general practitioner that would be allowed to get prescribed her the medication. due dateWhen Sally was twenty years old she said that she experienced a lot of burning in her throat, and that she could not eat properly, thats she had to have a endoscopy (a camera perplex w orst her throat to determine what it was) and the surgeon found out that Sally had a relaxed muscle at the top of her oesophagus/gullet. This was because her plump for acid could escape in to her throat, she says that the doctor gave her some medication and that she would have to take it all her life, and that she had to be careful in bending down/over, and that she had to sleep on a slant which she says was veryuncomfortable, but she had to so that the stomach acid would not travel out of her stomach and in to her mouth.Sally also states that she had a miscarriage in her middle twenties and an ectopic maternal quality (when the embryo implants itself outside of the uterus) but she eventually had a baby and hence two more. She then resolved to go on to the contraceptive pill so that she could not have any more children. Difference in Sallys care Burning in her throat because of a relaxed muscle, having an endoscopy put down her throat thats would have been very weird for her and a bit scary as well. Having a miscarriage would educate her a bit scared of having children in the future as it would for any women and then having an ectopic pregnancy as well but eventually she have her own children, 3 of them.Adulthood and Later AdulthoodSally says that when she was in her thirties, she was in a car accident and unfortunately her dentition were smashed on impact, Sally had to have some dental work and she had to have porcelain veneers, Sally really hated the fact that she has not got her own teeth as she states that she took great care of them. Sally is now 61 years of age and she says also that that she went through the menopause in her fifties and that she still suffers from shadow sweats and hot flushes now and again, she has to wear glasses as that her eye sight has weakened and that she also suffers from arthritis in her fingers.Difference in sallys careBeing in a car accident, unfortunately this is quite a common as that there are a lot of bad drivers out on the road but having all her teeth smashed well thats not as common, this would have been another life experience for Sally having to lose all of her teeth and having fake ones. button through menopause this generally happen to all women in the fifties and it can make women quite self-conscious about themselves, to make it even worst she still suffers from night sweats which will make her sweaty and she may be concerned that she smells when around others. Eye sight she has to wear glasses so that would be something new for her but again is quite common in elder age and so is arthritis.

Decentralization under Articles of Confederation

The constitution adressed the problems of decentralisation powers under the Articles of Confederation. Three problems that existest were no national currency, unicameral legislature, and cogress had no strength to tax. The tension between change and centralized power atomic number 18 argued to still exist through environmental policy, gun contain, and disability access. These tensions are illustrated in deforestation, no national police to control firearm distribution, and the Americans with DIsabilities Act. One major problem of decentralize powers under the Articles of Confederation is that there was no national currency.Each state had a different type of currency that could only be utilize in that state. For exemplification, money in maryland could not be used in virginia and sometimes even had a different value. The Constitution created a national standard and a National Bank to solve this problem. An other(a) problem of decentralized powers is that the Aticles of Confed eration had a unicameral legislature, which meant no power check. The three branches of regime could not hold any sort of power over the other so it opporated more like three separate functions rather than one government for the people.The newly created bicameral legislature took care of this problem in the Constitution. A third problem was that congress had no ability to tax. After the Constitution was passed, congress could tax and therefore could have money to fund things like air creation and war. There are ongoing tensions between state governments and the federal government when it comes to power and its control over citizens. An environmental policy example is that some states find it more difficult to abide by federal guidelines for deforestation because they have big populations that are growing even larger.A gun control example is that since there is no national police to control the distribution of firearms (both legal and illegal) it will have to be handled by the sta te police which costs states money. State buildings and private buildings are required to be build to accommodate people with disabilities because these people are protected by the Americans with Disabilities Act. Since their civil rights can not be violated, they have to have equal access. This, again, costs states money to bring buildings, streets, etc, up to standard.In central governments the national government has a national policy, in decentralized government states have to meet the guidelines created by the law or face fines/removal of federal funds. The Constitutions was an attempt to address the problems of decentralized goverment which were no national currency, unicameral legislature, and cogress had no ability to tax. The tensions between decentralized and centralized power are still agrued to exist today in environmental policy (deforestation), gun control (no national police for firearm distrabution), and disability access (Americans with Disabilities Act).

The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Twenty-Seven

BounceBounceBounce lickCatchBounceBounceSwishCatchStefan stood on the free-throw line of the empty basketbal court, mechanical y dribbling and throwing the bal through the net. He tangle empty inside, an automaton making perfect identical shots.He didnt real y love basketbal . For him, it lacked twain the satisfying contact of footbal and the mathematical precision of pool. But it was something to do. Hed been up al night and al morning, and he couldnt stand the endless pacing of his own feet around the campus, or the sight of the four wal s of his room.What was he going to do now? There didnt seem to be much point to going to school with answer to the fore Elena beside him. He tried to block out his memories of the centuries of wandering the mankind al whizz, without her, without Damon, that preceded his coming to Fel s Church. He was shutting down his emotions as hard as he could, forcing himself numb, only if he couldnt help dimly wondering if centuries of loneliness were in store for him again.Quite a giving you got on that point, a shadow said, stepping away from the bleachers. We should permit recruited you for the basketbal team, too. lusterlessness, Stefan acknowledged, making another basket, whence tossing the bal to him.Matt lined up careful y to the basket and shot, and it circled the rim before dropping through.Stefan waited while Matt ran to get the bal , then false to him. Were you looking for me? he asked, careful y not asking if Elena had sent him.Looking surprised, Matt shook his head. Nah. I alike to shoot baskets when Ive got some thinking to do. You know.Whats going on? Stefan asked.Matt rubbed the underpin of his neck, embarrassed. There was this girl who I kind of liked, who Ive been thinking about for a while, penurying to ask out. And, uh, it turns out she already has a boyfriend.Oh. After a few minutes, Stefan realized he ought to respond with something more. Im sorry to come across that.Yeah. Matt sighed. Shes real y spec ial. I thought I dont know, it would be nice to have something like what you and Elena have. Someone to love.Stefan winced. It matte up like Matt had twisted a knife in his gut. He flung the bal at the basket, not aiming this time, and it bounced back at them hard off the backboard. Matt jumped to catch it, then moved toward him, property out a hand. Hey, hey, Stefan. Take it easy. What is it?Elena and I arent seeing each other anymore, Stefan said flatly, trying to switch off the stab of pain from saying the words. She I saw her kissing Damon.Matt looked at Stefan silently for what felt like a long time, his pale blue look steady and compassionate. Stefan was struck sharply by the memory that Matt had loved Elena, too, and that they had been together before Stefan came into the picture.Look, Matt said final exam y. You cant control Elena. If theres one thing I know about her and Ive known her for our whole lives its that shes always going to do what she wants to do, no matte r what gets in her way. You cant stop her. Stefan began to nod, hot tears burning coffin nail his eyes. But, Matt added, I excessively know that, in the end, youre the one for her. Shes neer felt the way she does about you for anyone else. And, yknow, Im starting to discover that there are other girls out there, but I dont think youre going to. Whatevers going on with Damon, Elena wil come back to you. And youd be an idiot not to let her, because shes the only one for you.Stefan rubbed the bridge of his nose. He felt breakable, like his bones were made of glass. I dont know, Matt, he said tiredly.Matt grinned sympathetical y. Yeah, but I do. He tossed Stefan the bal and Stefan caught it automatical y.Want to play Horse?He was tired and heartsick, but, as he dribbled the bal , thinking that hed have to harbour it a tiny bit easy to give Matt a chance, Stefan felt a inspiration of hope. Maybe Matt was right.Are you crazy? Bonnie shouted. She had always thought that seeing red was rightful(prenominal) a metaphor, but she was so angry that she actual y was seeing the faintest scarlet touch on everything, as if the whole room had been dipped in blood-tinged water.Meredith and Elena exchanged glances. Were not saying there is anything ruin with Zander, Meredith said gently. Its exclusively that we want you to be careful.Careful? Bonnie gave a mean, bitter little antic and shoved past them to grab a duffel bag out of her closet.Youre just jealous, she said without looking at them. She unzipped the bag and started to dump in some clothes.Jealous of what, Bonnie? Elena asked. I dont want Zander.Jealous because Im final y the one who has a boyfriend, Bonnie retorted. Alaric is back in Fel s Church, and you broke up with both your boyfriends, and you dont like seeing me happy when youre miserable. Elena shut her mouth tightly, white spots showing on her cheekbones, and turned away. Eyeing Bonnie careful y, Meredith said, I told you what I saw, Bonnie. Its nothing definite, but Im afraid that the person who attacked that girl top executive have been Zander. Can you tel me where he was after you two left the party last night? focalisation on stuffing her favorite jeans into what was already starting to seem like an overcrowded bag, Bonnie didnt answer. She could feel an teasing tel tale flush spreading up her neck and over her face. Fine, this was probably enough clothes. She could grab her toothbrush and moisturizer from the bathroom on her way down the hal .Meredith came toward her, hands open and outstretched placatingly. Bonnie, she said gently, we do want you to be happy. We real y do. But we want you to be safe, too, and were worried that Zander might not be everything you think he is. Maybe you could stay away from him, just for a little while? objet dart we check things out? Bonnie zipped up her bag, threw it over her shoulder, and headed for the door, brushing past Meredith without a glance. She was planning to just walk out but , at the last minute, wheeled around in the doorway to face them again, ineffective to bite back what she was thinking.Whats kil ing me here, she said, is what hypocrites you two are. Dont you remember when Mr. Tanner was murdered? Or the tramp who was almost kil ed under Wickery Bridge? She was actual y shaking with fury.Everyone in the whole town thought Stefan was responsible. Al the evidence pointed at him. But Meredith and I didnt think so, because Elena told us she knew Stefan couldnt have done it, that he wouldnt have done it.And we believed you, make up though you didnt have any proof to give us, she said, staring at Elena, who dropped her eyes to the floor. I would have thought you could trust me the same way. She looked back and forth between them. The fact that youre suspecting Zander even though Im standing here, tel ing you he would never hurt anybody, makes it clear that you dont respect me, she said coldly.Maybe you never did.Bonnie stomped out of the room, hitching the strap of the duffel bag higher on her shoulder.Bonnie she heard behind her and turned to look back one more time. Meredith and Elena were both reaching after her, identical expressions of frustration on their faces.Im going to Zanders, Bonnie told them curtly. That would show them what she thought about their suspicions of him.She slammed the door behind her.

Discrimination In Employment Essay

Two separate statutes specifically resuscitate to discrimination in employ manpowert. The first is the Equal comprise Act, which was passed in 1963 (effective date was June 10, 1964). The second is Title vii of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. While the Equal Pay Act deals solely with wages paid to women and men within the same company, Title vii focuses on differentiatory hiring/firing practices and advancement policies within companies (Crouch, 2001, p.37-38). uncomplete is specific to the issue of wind up discrimination however, they both encompass discrimination on the basis of racetrack, religion, or national origin. Both of these statutes stomach been applied to interscholastic and intercollegiate athletics, primarily in suits brought by effeminate coaches claiming sex discrimination. Title VII was enacted as a comprehensive prohibition on private acts of involution discrimination. It forbids homophobic study practices based on the race, color, religion, sex, or natio nal origin of the applicant. These categories may, however, be used to commemorate between applicants when sex, religion, or national origin is a bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ). A BFOQ is very narrowly defined as an actual job requirement, not merely a customer or employer preference. For example, race is never considered a BFOQ (Crouch, 2001, 38-40). Title VII also contains a nonretaliation provision which prohibits all employers defined in the act from discriminating against any employee or job applicant who has invoked his or her rights under Title VII or who has assisted with or participated in any proceeding brought by someone else (Gregory, 2003, p. 28). In the depth psychology of the judicatures, the alleged sex discrimination action need not only be based upon a consideration of an unalterable characteristic (like gender) possessed by the discriminatee but which is not possessed by the discriminator (Minchin, 2001, p. 50). Thus, not only are acts such as termi nating female employees when they marry or refusing to accept employment applications from any female actionable, but also acts taken by a member of one sex against a member of the same sex can be actionable. A demand for sexual favors order by one male to another as a condition of employment can be just as discriminatory as a similar demand directed by a male to a female. Title VII is applicable to all employers of more than fifteen persons, and it specifically covers just about all state and local government employees as well as employees of most educational institutions. It is implemented by the EEOC, which has the authority to process and investigate any complaints. The EEOC may also bring suits in federal official official court if necessary. A charge brought by the EEOC is based on what the EEOC perceives to be a pattern or practice of unlawful discrimination which adversely affects an entire class of individualistics. The EEOC may also conduct industrywide conformance rev iews.If the discrimination found by the EEOC in state or local government cannot be rectify informally, the EEOC may refer the matter to the U.S. Attorney General. In all other cases, the EEOC may go to federal court to follow out the law (Gregory, 2003, p.28-29). Enforcement of Title VII is not especial(a) to EEOC actions, however, because the legislation also has individual and class causes of action. This type of charge originates from an individual or group of individuals who allege that they were adversely affected by some act of unlawful discrimination (Gregory, 2003, p. 29). Organizations can bring discrimination claims on behalf of their members if the alleged discriminatory action injured its members, if the claim can proceed without the participation of those injured members, and if the claim is relevant to the disposals purposes. The requirements for filing a charge include the followingThe person filing the charge moldiness be or represent an aggrieved person (must have a personal stake in the endpoint of the controversy and must have suffered a personal injury), except in cases in which the charge is filed by the EEOC itself.The charge must be directed against an employer as defined by Title VII.The charge must be filed within the specified time limits.The form of the charge must comply with certain procedural requirements (Saguy, 2003). Once these requirements are met, the EEOC will proceed with the charge.The remedies of both injunctive and affirmative quietus are available to the loving party in an employment discrimination suit. The prevailing party may be awarded back open and attorneys fees as well as an injunction prohibiting the employers unlawful action. In addition, the court may order the employer to cease its discriminatory practices, to reinstate employees, and to implement an appropriate affirmative action end to eliminate existing discrimination and prevent its recurrence.These remedies are guided by the two goals of the act (1) to master equality of employment opportunity by removing barriers based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, and (2) to make the dupe of unlawful discrimination wholeto put the victim in the position he or she would have been in had the discrimination not occurred.Both of these approaches have limitations. Even taken together, they are not sufficient to enforce a prohibition against sex discrimination(Saguy, 2003). Although the Equal Pay Act applies to all employers, Title VII has been limited to employers of more than fifteen people. Thus, many smaller businesses are not subject to the mandates of Title VII. The Equal Pay Act is limited in other ways. For example, it is directed only to discrepancies in pay levels once on a job. It does not address the hassle of discriminatory hiring or advancement policies.The basic weakness of these acts is that incomplete is all-encompassing. They fail to address the overall problems of sex discrimination that exist outs ide of the workplace (Saguy, 2003). Thus, very a couple of(prenominal) of the problems of discrimination encountered in athletics are addressed by either act. This legislation provides potential relief only in athletic employment.Another major problem in pursuing litigation under these statutes is the cost. incomplete statute provides any guaranteed basis for the eventual recovery of attorneys fees and/or double or triple damages. Thus, litigation is not an option for many of those who might wish to file claims. Cases are seldom pursued, and the effectiveness of the legislation diminishes as the chance that an employer will be punished lessens. One last problem is that courts have been reluctant to interpret the statutes broadly.This reluctance stems from the fact that hiring and salary decisions are well within the champaign of management prerogatives allotted to employers. The court is reluctant to interfere in any discretionary decision unless there has been a clear abuse of that discretion. Thus, it is very difficult to establish a case based on a complaint regarding practices in either of these areas. Usually, the evidence is open to a variety of interpretations. Such mint can make it difficult or even impossible for a plaintiff to prevail in a sex discrimination case under application of the aforementioned statutes.ReferencesCrouch, Margaret A. (2001). Thinking about sexual Harassment A Guide for the Perplexed. Oxford University stuff.Gregory, Raymond F. (2003). Women and Workplace Discrimination Overcoming Barriers to Gender Equality. Rutgers University Press.Minchin, Timothy J. (2001). The Color of Work The jumble for Civil Rights in the Southern Paper Industry, 1945-1980. University of North Carolina Press.Saguy, Abigail C. (2003). What Is Sexual Harassment? From Capitol Hill to the Sorbonne.University of California Press